|
|
HIGHLAND ENDEMICS (COSTA RICA AND WESTERN PANAMA)
| Black Guan |
Chamaepetes
unicolor |
| Black-breasted
Wood-Quail |
Odontophorus
leucolaemus |
| Buff-fronted
Quail-Dove |
Geotrygon
costaricensis |
| Chiriqui Quail-Dove |
Geotrygon
chiriquensis |
| Sulfur-winged
Parakeet |
Pyrrhura
hoffmanni |
| Red-fronted
Parrotlet |
Touit costaricensis |
| Costa Rican
Pygmy-Owl |
Glaucidium
costaricanum |
| Dusky Nightjar |
Caprimulgus
saturatus |
| Fiery-throated
Hummingbird |
Panterpe
insignis |
| Black-bellied
Hummingbird |
Eupherusa
nigriventris |
| White-tailed
Emerald |
Elvira chionura |
| Purple-throated
Mountain-gem |
Lampornis
calolaema |
| Magenta-throated
Woodstar |
Calliphlox
bryantae |
| Scintillant
Hummingbird |
Selasphorus
scintilla |
| Volcano Hummingbird |
Selasphorus
flammula |
| Orange-bellied
Trogon |
Trogon aurantiiventris |
| Prong-billed
Barbet |
Semnornis
frantzii |
| Ruddy Treerunner |
Margarornis
rubiginosus |
| Streak-breasted
Treehunter |
Thripadectes
rufobrunneus |
| Silvery-fronted
Tapaculo |
Scytalopus
argentifrons |
| Golden-bellied
Flycatcher |
Myiodynastes
hemichrysus |
| Dark Pewee |
Contopus
lugubris |
| Ochraceous Pewee |
Contopus
ochraceus |
| Black-capped
Flycatcher |
Empidonax
atriceps |
| Zeledon's Tyrannulet |
Phyllomyias
zeledoni |
| Silvery-throated
Jay |
Cyanolyca
argentigula |
| Ochraceous Wren |
Troglodytes
ochraceus |
| Timberline Wren |
Thryorchilus
browni |
| Sooty Robin |
Turdus nigrescens |
| Black-faced
Solitaire |
Myadestes
melanops |
| Black-billed
Nightingale-Thrush |
Catharus
gracilirostris |
| Long-tailed
Silky-Flycatcher |
Ptilogonys
caudatus |
| Black-and-yellow
Silky-Flycatcher |
Phainoptila
melanoxantha |
| Yellow-winged
Vireo |
Vireo carmioli |
| Flame-throated
Warbler |
Parula gutturalis |
| Collared Redstart |
Myioborus
torquatus |
| Black-cheeked
Warbler |
Basileuterus
melanogenys |
| Zeledonia (Wrenthrush) |
Zeledonia
coronata |
| Golden-browed
Chlorophonia |
Chlorophonia
callophrys |
| Spangle-cheeked
Tanager |
Tangara dowii |
| Sooty-capped
Bush-Tanager |
Chlorospingus
pileatus |
| Black-thighed
Grosbeak |
Pheucticus
tibialis |
| Peg-billed Finch |
Acanthidops
bairdii |
| Slaty Flowerpiercer |
Diglossa
plumbea |
| Large-footed
Finch |
Pezopetes
capitalis |
| Yellow-thighed
Finch |
Pselliophorus
tibialis |
| Sooty-faced
Finch |
Lysurus crassirostris |
| Volcano Junco |
Junco vulcani |
|
|
LOWLAND PACIFIC ENDEMICS (SOUTHERN COSTA RICA AND
WESTERN PANAMA)
| White-crested
Coquette |
Lophornis
adorabilis |
| Garden Emerald |
Chlorostilbon
assimilis |
| Beryl-crowned
Hummingbird |
Amazilia
decora |
| Snowy-bellied
Hummingbird |
Amazilia
edward |
| Baird's Trogon |
Trogon bairdii |
| Fiery-billed
Aracari |
Pteroglossus
frantzii |
| Golden-naped
Woodpecker |
Melanerpes
chrysauchen |
| Black-hooded
Antshrike |
Thamnophilus
bridgesi |
| Turquoise Cotinga |
Cotinga ridgwayi |
| Yellow-billed
Cotinga |
Carpodectes
antoniae |
| Orange-collared
Manakin |
Manacus aurantiacus |
| Riverside Wren |
Thryothorus
semibadius |
| Spot-crowned
Euphonia |
Euphonia
imitans |
| Cherrie's Tanager |
Ramphocelus
costaricensis |
|
|
CARIBBEAN SLOPE ENDEMICS (RANGES VARY FROM HONDURAS
TO PANAMA)
| Crimson-fronted
Parakeet |
Aratinga
finschi |
| Snowcap |
Microchera
albocoronata |
| White-bellied
Mountain-gem |
Lampornis
hemileucus |
| Lattice-tailed
Trogon |
Trogon clathratus |
| Rufous-winged
Woodpecker* |
Piculus simplex |
| Streak-crowned
Antvireo |
Dysithamnus
striaticeps |
| Snowy Cotinga |
Carpodectes
nitidus |
| Bare-necked
Umbrellabird |
Cephalopterus
glabricollis |
| Tawny-chested
Flycatcher |
Aphanotriccus
capitalis |
| Stripe-breasted
Wren |
Thryothorus
thoracicus |
| Black-throated
Wren |
Thryothorus
atrogularis |
| Nicaraguan Grackle |
Quiscalus
nicaraguensis |
| Yellow-crowned
Euphonia* |
Euphonia
luteicapilla |
| Blue-and-gold
Tanager |
Bangsia arcaei |
| White-throated
Shrike-Tanager* |
Lanio leucothorax |
| Sulphur-rumped
Tanager |
Heterospingus
rubrifrons |
| Black-and-yellow
Tanager |
Chrysothlypis
chrysomelas |
| Nicaraguan Seed-Finch |
Oryzoborus
nuttingi |
*also present on southern Pacific slope
Additionally, the Hoffmann's Woodpecker
(Melanerpes hoffmannii) is unique in being
the only dry forest species endemic to the region
, it's range extends from southern Honduras to central
Costa Rica.
And then there's the Three-wattled Bellbird
(Procnias tricarunculata) that breeds in the
highlands and wanders widely throughout the lowlands
after the breeding season—a bird radio-tagged in Monteverde,
Costa Rica was even located in eastern Honduras!—and
so does not easily fit in any one of the above geographical
divisions.
All in all, fully 10% of Costa Rica's
avifauna is restricted to very limited ranges within
the southern half of the Central American isthmus,
which is an exceptionally high rate of endemism, even
for the neotropics.
